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In 2025, researchers uncovered a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in how Windows processes LNK (shortcut) files. This flaw, tracked as ZDI-CAN-25373 and later assigned CVE-2025-9491, allows attackers to hide malicious commands within LNK files by manipulating whitespace padding. Since Windows only displays approximately 260 characters of a command in the Properties dialog, attackers can embed extremely long, malicious commands (up to 32,000 characters) that remain invisible to users. This UI misrepresentation enables attackers to execute code in the context of the current user simply by having them open a seemingly innocuous shortcut file. Chinese APT group UNC6384 (related to Mustang Panda) actively exploited this flaw in espionage campaigns targeting diplomatic entities across Europe. windows xp pathology new