If you are preparing for the IELTS Reading section and want to or understand how to tackle T/F/NG questions , I can provide specific strategies and practice passages to help you prepare.
However, a landmark experiment in 2002 turned this assumption on its head. Researchers at Oxford University captured a juvenile New Caledonian crow, which they named Betty. In an experiment, Betty and a male crow named Abel were presented with a straight piece of wire and a pre-hooked wire, along with a bucket of food that could only be retrieved using a hooked tool. Before the experiment could truly begin, Abel flew off with the hooked wire. Undeterred, Betty took the straight wire, bent one end with her beak to create a perfect hook, and successfully lifted the food bucket. This was not a learned behavior; Betty had innovated a solution to a novel problem on the spot. Over ten subsequent trials with only a straight wire, Betty repeatedly bent it to retrieve her reward, proving that tool-making in corvids is not just cultural imitation but also a spark of genuine, individual innovation. If you are preparing for the IELTS Reading