The exact location of the shader cache files can vary by operating system, but you can always find them directly through Yuzu:
The easiest way to locate a specific game’s shader cache is directly within Yuzu itself: yuzu shader cache work
Sometimes, your graphics card driver (NVIDIA/AMD) also caches shaders. If you update your GPU drivers, the driver may invalidate its own cache, forcing Yuzu to re-translate everything even if Yuzu’s cache exists. After a driver update, expect a temporary performance drop as the cache rebuilds. The exact location of the shader cache files