Align and hold the substrate in the correct orientation via non-covalent interactions (hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, hydrophobic forces).
Move functional groups (e.g., methyl or phosphate groups) from one molecule to another. Hydrolases: Cleave bonds through the addition of water. Align and hold the substrate in the correct
The cell and molecular biology of catalytic proteins involves the study of enzyme structure, function, and regulation at the molecular level. This includes understanding the mechanisms of enzyme catalysis, enzyme-substrate interactions, and enzyme regulation by various factors, such as pH, temperature, and allosteric effectors. Recent advances in structural biology, biochemistry, and biophysics have significantly contributed to our understanding of enzyme molecular biology, enabling the development of new therapeutic agents and biotechnological applications. hydrophobic forces). Move functional groups (e.g.